單元習(xí)語小結(jié)
1. first of all 首先
2. 2. tidy the lab 整理實驗室
3. 3.put back 放回
4. turn off the electricity 關(guān)電
5. 5. shut the window 關(guān)窗
6. 6. lock the door 鎖門
7. by the side of 在…的一邊
8. 8. wash one’s hands with soap用肥皂洗手
9. at the end of the experiment 實驗結(jié)束時
10. make sure 確保，確信
10. taste the mixture 嘗一下混合物
12. way of doing sth 做某時的方法
13. be easily forgotten容易忘掉
14. bring out 拿出
15. mix… with 與..混合
16. hold up one’s finger 樹起手指
17. be returned to sb. 被還給某人
18. let out 放出某物
重要句式歸納
1. Do what he tells you to do. 做他讓你做的事。
2. Don’t touch anything here unless your teacher tells you to.不要動這里的東西，除非老師讓你這樣做
3. Once you are in here, listen to your teacher.一旦到了這里，就要聽老師的。
4. You must do everything as I do. 你必須照我這個樣子做每意見事。
5. Could you please show me how to use the computer？你告訴我如何使用這臺電腦好嗎？
6. She told me to telephone him before ten? 她讓我十點之前給他大電話。
7. That’s all. 就這些。
8.The mixture tasted terrible.這混合物嘗起來很苦
9.Are we allowed to use the basin by the side of the cupboard?
我們可以使用器皿旁的水盆嗎？
10． He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his glasses lively and interesting. 他是一位個子矮小的人，戴著一副深度近視鏡，但是他有一種奇妙的辦法，使他的課生動有趣。
11．He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased.
他把一個指頭放在嘴里，嘗了一嘗，笑嘻嘻地，顯出一副相當(dāng)?shù)靡獾臉幼印?/p>
12 One was filled with petrol, one with castor oil and one with vinegar.
一個瓶子裝滿汽油，一個瓶子裝滿蓖麻油，還有一個（瓶子）裝滿醋。
13．But the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup.
但是我放進嘴里的指頭不是我在杯子里。
14 It was Paul’s first important lesson as a student of chemistry.
這就是保羅這位學(xué)化學(xué)的學(xué)生所上的重要的第一課。
15 The students watched him quietly.
學(xué)生靜靜地觀察著他。
16． Instead of smiling, each f them made a face.
他們沒有笑容，而是每個人都做了個苦臉。
17. I’m sorry, none of you watched carefully enough.
很遺憾，你們當(dāng)中誰都觀察的不仔細(xì)。
18． Your friend is coming to stay in your house for one week while you and your family are away on holiday.當(dāng)你和你的家人外出度假時，你的朋友要來你家住一個星期。
對話練習(xí)
A: Hello.
B: Hello, is this Mr. Smith’s office?
A: Yes, it is. 1
B: Yes, 2
A; Mr. Smith had to go home this afternoon. 3
B: This is John brown.
A: Oh, yes, Mr. Brown. Mr. Smith said he wanted to talk to you and asked me to give you his home phone.
B: 4 I need to get a pen. Yes, what’s the number?
A: His number is 69876756.
B: Thank you very much.
A: 5 Good-bye.
B: Good-bye.
A: Just a moment, please.
B: May I ask who’s calling?
C: May I help you?
D: I’d like to speak to Mr. Smith.
E: What can I do for you?
F: Could you tell me Mr. Smith’s home phone number?
G; Not at all.
本單元常見錯誤分析
1． 誤：Don’t touch anything unless your teacher tells you.
正：Don’t touch anything unless your teacher tells you to.
說明：省略賓語補足語時，to 不可省略。
又如: Would you like to go to the zoo with me?
Yes, I’d like to.
2. 誤：After that, he held up one of his fingers and showed to the class.
正After that, he held up one of his fing ers and showed it to the class.
少了作賓語的it,就成了漢語式英語。換句話，這個錯誤實際上是尚未擺脫母語表達習(xí)慣的表現(xiàn)。
3.誤： He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looked rather pleased.
正：He put a finger in his mouth, looking rather pleased.
作為謂語動作的伴隨動作應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。如果用looked,前面須由連詞 and 連接，以表示并列關(guān)系。
4．誤： The mixture tasted terribly.
正：The mixture tasted terrible.
句中tasted是聯(lián)系動詞，故其后作為表語的成分應(yīng)是形容詞。類似的動詞還有feel, smell等。如 The flower smells sweet.
5. 誤： The book is sold well.
正：The book sells well.
Sell是不及物動詞，不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。
6．誤 Let each of us recite their poems./ let each of us recite our poems.
正：Let each of us recite his poem(s).
each是單數(shù)，而且each of us是第三人稱，不是第一人稱，因而應(yīng)用his poems.
7． 誤：They each other take care of.
正：They take care of each other.
Each other是代詞而非副詞，應(yīng)放在賓語的位置上
8． 誤： all her brothers are not at home.
正： None of her brothers are at home.
第一句是部分否定（not 與all連用為半否定“她的兄弟并不是全不在家”）第二句才是“沒有一個兄弟在家”
9． 誤： Neither of them saw each other.
正：Neither of them saw the other.
Each other一定是指復(fù)數(shù)的名詞或代詞而言的， 由于neither of them只表示單數(shù)，后面也就不能用each other.
知識點精講
1. allow doing/ allow sb too do sth
類似的短語有：encourage sb to do/ encourage doing ; forbid sb to do/ forbid sb doing;
advise sb to do/ advise doing; permit sb to do/ permit doing
例如： Father will not allow us to use his computer.
We don’t allow smoking here.
2. 1）once 短語：once 曾經(jīng)； once a week 每周一次； once again 再一次；once in a while 偶爾，間或； once more 又一次； once or twice 一兩次； once upon a time 從前； all at once 突然；more than once 不止一次
2）Once you understand the rule, you will have no further difficulty. 引導(dǎo)條件句，“一旦..就”
3． Follow /take one’s advice 聽從某人的勸告，“遵隨，仿照，仿效”
There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light. “跟隨，接著”
I followed the path up the hill.. “沿著，順著”
The foreigner spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him. “聽懂，理解”
短語用法：follow the shape of 成….的形狀；follow the example of 以…為榜樣
follow the customs of 遵隨…的風(fēng)俗； as follows 如下所述； follow in/out 跟隨進來/出去； the following days /the days that followed 在隨后的日子里
例如：1/ The strange stone follows the shape of a cow.
2/ When you get to a new country, you will have to follow the customs of the people there.
4． 征求看法，意見：1/What about / How about +名詞、代詞、動名詞
2/ How do you like+名詞、代詞
3/ What do you think of +名詞、代詞、動名詞
4/How do/ did you find…
5/ What was/ is…like…?
例如：How about the two of us taking a walk down the garden?
5． hand: hand sb sth / hand sth to sb. / hand in 上繳 ;hand out 分發(fā)/ “動詞”
by hand 手工； hand in hand 受拉手； shake one’s hand/ shake hands with sb. 與某人握手；on one hand…on the other hand一方面 ..另一方面; lend/give sb a hand/ lend a hand to sb; 幫助某人； hold one’s hand握著某人的手； put up/ raise one’s hand 舉手； with one’s own hands 親自； Hands up 舉起手來
6. as 用做連詞：
1/ The work is not as easy as you imagine. 表示比較，“象…一樣”
2/She loves singing just as her mother did. 表示方式“按照，如同”
3/As he was not well, I decided to go without him. 表示原因 ，“因為，由于”
4/As he was a young man,he taught himself English in his spare time. 表示時間“當(dāng)…的時候”
7.Instead, though, besides, last, since 用做副詞
1/ instead, adv. 單獨做狀語，“相反，代替”；instead of : prep
例如： He is ill, let me go instead. /I’ll go instead of him.
2/though,作副詞，“可是，然而”，多在句尾；作連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句“盡管”
She promised she would come; He didn’t ,though. ./ Though she promised she would come, he didn’t.
3/ besides, 作副詞時，“而且，還有；” 作介詞時，“除…之外還”；
I’m too busy to go for a walk; besides, it was too late.
Besides you everybody here knows the news.
4/last:作副詞， “上次，最近”；作形容詞 “最后的，最近的”
I last met him in New York. /I met him in New York last month.
5/ since; 作副詞“從那以后，后來”，常與完成事態(tài)連用； 用做連詞或介詞，“自…以來”。 I’ve never seen her since.
Jack has collected many Chinese stamps since he came to China.
8. let let out a cry of surprise 驚訝地叫了一聲； let the bird out of its cage 把鳥從籠子里放出；let out the secret 泄露機密 let…alone 不管，不理； let…be 聽任，不打擾； let sb in/ out 讓某人進來/出來； let sb do sth 讓某人做某事
9. 1/ at the beginning/ end of…在 …之出/末尾，多用于過去時或?qū)頃r；注意： at the end of還可以表示地點
2/ in the beginning ‘起初，開始時’，同義詞 at the beginning ,at first; in the end “最后，終于”at last, finally ,而者多用于過去時或?qū)頃r。
3/ by the beginning / end of 到…之出/ 末為止，多與完成時連用
They sang a Chinese song at the end of the meeting.
In the beginning the children didn’t take interest in this knid of games.
They will have completed the railway by the end of the month..
There is a big stone at the other end of the street.
10. 常用聯(lián)系動詞
1/ 表示“感覺”的系動詞： sound 聽起來；look 看上去；taste 嘗起來； appear 似乎是；smell 聞起來; feel 感覺； seem 似乎
2/ 表示“變化”的系動詞： become, get, turn, grow, come, go, run
3/表示“存在，繼續(xù)”的系動詞：remain/ keep/ stay “保持”；prove “證明”
注意： 1）聯(lián)系動詞后多加名詞、形容詞做表語，不接副詞。誤：Her voice sounded beautifully. 正： Her voice sounded beautiful.
Do you like the material? ---Yes, it feels very soft.
The story sounds true. .