一、單元考點(diǎn)提示
1.重點(diǎn)單詞
demand forbid
achieve explode
former admit
minority slightly
declare hopefully
seize disability
attitude
2.重點(diǎn)短語
set an example treat sb. with
come up act as
give in end up
turn out look forward to
as though the way
3.重點(diǎn)句型
Haven’t you heard…? What happened?
Why was that? I imagine..
Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.
So far as I know, tomorrow should be fine,too.
You said that you hoped… Seldom does he go there.
4.語法
學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語和狀語的用法。
學(xué)習(xí)倒裝句的用法。
二、考點(diǎn)精析與拓展
1.join in參與一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，join + 名詞加入某個(gè)團(tuán)體組織
①Would yo join us(in) singing?
和我們一起唱歌吧！
②His brother joined the army a year ago.
他哥哥一年前參軍了。
Join還可表示“來（去）和某人呆在一起，把……連在一起”
③I will join you in a few minutes.我一會(huì)就過來。
④Please join the two ends of the rope together.把繩子兩頭接起來。
2.把某人關(guān)入監(jiān)獄，throw(cast, put)sb.into(to)prison,還可以說成take sb.to prison.
區(qū)別：in prison與in the prison前者表示“坐牢、服法、服刑”；后者表示“在一所監(jiān)獄”，有可能是在看望囚犯，也可能是監(jiān)管人員。
Tom’s brother was put(thrown、cast)into prison because of murderer,and he will be in prison for thirty years.
湯姆的哥哥因犯謀殺罪而被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄，他將在監(jiān)獄服刑三十年。
3.demand
①當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞“要求”用
We refused his unreasonable demands.我們拒絕了他的無理要求。
②當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞用
There is a great demand for typists but(a)poor demand for clerks.打字員很搶手但是辦公室職員幾乎沒人需要。
③當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用：demand+名詞、代詞、從句或to do sth.如：
They demanded the right to do things they like.
他們要求有做自己喜歡做的事情的權(quán)力。
The lady demanded to see our headmaster.
那個(gè)女士要求見校長。
He demanded that we (should)try to finish our work on time.
他要求我們按時(shí)完工。
賓語從句用虛擬語氣形式，主+should+動(dòng)原……
④demand問
“How old are you?”he demanded.
他問我“你多大啦？”
4.forbid(forbade, forbidden)
①forbid sb.to do sth.如：
My mother forbids me to keep in touch with that boy.我媽不讓我與那個(gè)男孩交往。
②forbid(one’s)doing sth.如：
The law strictly forbids individual’s running business in some fields.法律嚴(yán)禁私人從事某些經(jīng)營活動(dòng)。
③常用被動(dòng)形式
Smoking is forbidden here.這兒不許抽煙。
④表示“使……不可能，使……無法……”
The bad weather forbids a spring outing.壞天氣使我們無法春游。
5.have a right to do sth.有權(quán)做某事
right:①當(dāng)名詞用，可有復(fù)數(shù)形式如：human rights人權(quán)；但是當(dāng)方向（右邊）講時(shí)，不可數(shù)，turn to the right向右轉(zhuǎn)
②當(dāng)形容詞：a.右面的、向右的、政治上右傾的；b.對(duì)的、正確的、合適、恰當(dāng)、正當(dāng)；c.對(duì)頭、沒事了。如：
He didn’t feel quite right.他感覺不太舒服。
Your advice is right你的建議是對(duì)的。
Which is the right answer?哪個(gè)答案正確？
③當(dāng)副詞用，向右
Don’t forget to turn right when you meet a bookstore.看到那家書店別忘了向右轉(zhuǎn)。
The crowd divided right and left.
人群走散了（各奔西東）。
6.give構(gòu)成的短語
①give away 送給人、分發(fā)、泄露、暴露
Let’s give away our dog.我們把狗送人吧。
②give back:送還、恢復(fù)（健康）
Living here has given me back my health.在這住使我恢復(fù)了健康。
③give in交進(jìn)來，讓步、妥協(xié)、投降
The boy gave in the money he picked up.
那小孩把撿到的錢上交了。
In the end,they gave in.最終，他們屈服了。
④give off散發(fā)出
The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.那種氣體發(fā)出難聞的氣味。
⑤give out用完、耗盡、沒有了。
Money gave out.錢用完了。
⑥give up放棄、不再做、把……獻(xiàn)給……
My father has given up smoking.我爸“戒煙了。”
He has given up his life to teaching.
他一生都獻(xiàn)給了教育事業(yè)。
Don’t give up,try again.別泄氣，再試一次。
7.open①形容詞，表狀態(tài)，“開著的”
Don’t keep the door open.
別讓門開著（即：請(qǐng)把門關(guān)上）。
②動(dòng)詞：打開門，經(jīng)營、開辦③
Now,he opens a small factory of his own.
現(xiàn)在他自己辦了個(gè)廠。
Open the door, please!請(qǐng)開門！
③be open to對(duì)……開放
Many school libraries are open to children on Sundays.
不少學(xué)校的圖書館周日給孩子們開放。
8.far from:不僅僅，遠(yuǎn)不是（跟動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、名詞或代詞）。如：
①Far being slow, they are actually fast enough.他們一點(diǎn)也不慢，相反非常迅速。
②It’s far from perpect.它還很不完美。
另外：由far引出的短語
①go far(物)經(jīng)用、時(shí)間長
This food can’t go far.這些東西不夠吃。
②so far:到目前為止、到…程度（地步）
I can only tell you so far.我只能給你說到這一步。
③as far as就……而言、從……來看、盡……所能、只要……、一直查到某地
As far as I know, he will not come.據(jù)我所知，他不會(huì)來啦。
You should stick to your opinion as far as it is reasonable.只要你有理，就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持。
We walked as far as the church.
我們一直走到教堂跟前。
9.separate…from…把……分離、分開
Nobody can separate Taiwan from China.
任何人也不能把臺(tái)灣從中國分裂出去。
separate(adj.)獨(dú)自的、獨(dú)立的、分別為不同的、各自的
I want to listen to your separate opinions.
我想聽你們每個(gè)人自己的看法。
10.able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)
①He is an able man.那人本事不小。
enable(v)使……能
②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我們要多學(xué)知識(shí)以便能面對(duì)各種困難。
disable:有殘疾的，不能干的；the disabled表示一類人（殘疾人）
11.able作詞輟時(shí)
①可以……的，值得……的（有被動(dòng)含義）
eatable可食用的，measurable可以測(cè)量、估計(jì)的；readable可讀的
②其他含義：conformable舒適的、安逸的；suitable 合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
12.turn out 結(jié)果是……、變成……
記下列turn構(gòu)成的短語
turn against 反戈一擊、反對(duì)……，對(duì)……不滿
turn back打退堂鼓，返回
turn down拒絕；把……（音量等）放低，開小
turn in上交某物，交回
turn into變?yōu)?/p>
turn off關(guān)上（收音機(jī)、龍頭等）；離開（公路等）；對(duì)……失去興趣，反感
turn on開（收音機(jī)等），使……感興趣；吸引；向……進(jìn)攻；責(zé)怪
turn out結(jié)果是、最后情況是……，關(guān)（電燈、煤氣等），生產(chǎn)、造就
turn over移交，隨便翻閱
turn to sb.尋救幫助；查閱資料；努力于、加勁干
turn up來赴（宴、開會(huì)），出現(xiàn)；把（音量）放大；使作嘔。如：
①There was no body that I could turn to.
當(dāng)時(shí)沒有一個(gè)人能幫助我。
②Please turn off the TV set. It’s wasting power.
把電視關(guān)了吧，太費(fèi)電啦。
③Things turned out to be smoothly developing.
事情結(jié)果正常發(fā)展。
④Our suggestions were turned down at the meeting.
會(huì)議沒有采納我們的建議。
turn當(dāng)名詞用時(shí)，意為“輪到某人干……，轉(zhuǎn)折；傾向；作風(fēng)”等意思。如：
She went hot and cold by turns.
她一陣熱，一陣?yán)洹?/p>
by turns輪流；一陣……，一陣……；out of turn不該誰……干，不合時(shí)宜。do sb.a good(bad)turn 幫了某人的忙（倒忙）
13.dream vi.做夢(mèng)
Do you dream at night?你晚上做夢(mèng)嗎？
dream of……多用于否定句中，“做夢(mèng)也沒想到，從未想到過”
I never dream of getting so much money.
我從未幻想過得到這么多錢。
Dream+從句
We never dreamed that the film was so long.
我們?cè)趺匆矝]想到這部電影這么長。
dream of迫切希望、渴望。
People all over the world are dreaming of peace.
全世界人民都渴望和平。
dreamy(adj.)模糊的，夢(mèng)幻般的
I don’t believe your dreamy words.我不信你的夢(mèng)語。
14.come true成為現(xiàn)實(shí)、實(shí)現(xiàn)
表示變化過程的系動(dòng)詞有：become,get,turn,而be表狀態(tài)
區(qū)別：①He became(get,turned)angry when hearing the news.聽到那消息他生氣了。（從不……到生氣）
②He was angry, because he heard some bad news.
他生氣是因?yàn)槁牭讲缓玫南ⅰ?/p>
15.not only…but also
①連續(xù)兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語和but also后的一致（即就近原則）
②Not only…but also…構(gòu)成一倒裝句式（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語或謂語時(shí)用；強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)不用倒裝）。
①Not only you but also he likes playing football.
不光你，他也喜歡踢足球。
②Not only can he sing, but also he can dance well.
他不僅能唱歌，舞也跳的不錯(cuò)。
（注意，第一句倒裝，第二句不用倒裝形式）
16.consider的用法：①You should consider the question.
你應(yīng)該考慮這個(gè)問題。
②跟從句
He began to consider when he would get married
他開始考慮什么時(shí)侯結(jié)婚的事情。
③跟疑問詞 + to do sth.
He is considering how to get there in time.
他正想怎么能及時(shí)趕到那兒。
④跟動(dòng)名詞
Who considers answering the question?
誰正在考慮回答這個(gè)問題？
⑤為……著想
He always considers others before himself
他常先為別人著想。
⑥名詞為：consideration(不可數(shù))
take sth. into consideration把……考慮在內(nèi)
If you want to go on holidays in Beijing,you should take the cost into consideration.
如果想到北京去度假，你應(yīng)該考慮費(fèi)用問題。
17.as a matter of fact=in fact事實(shí)上、實(shí)際上……
It seems easy,but as a matter of fact,it’ll take us a long time to work it out.
這道題貌似簡單，實(shí)際上要解出的話很費(fèi)時(shí)間。
18.look forward to sth.(doing sth.)渴望、企盼……
①They are looking forward to getting news of him.
他們渴望聽到有關(guān)他的消息。
②We should look forward,and don’t give up.
我們應(yīng)該向前看（樂觀一些）不能放棄。
三、精典名題導(dǎo)解
題1 （上海 1998）
He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.
A.which I think is B.which I think it is
C.which I think it D.I think which is
分析：A。這是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，make another wonderful discovery是動(dòng)賓詞組，關(guān)系代詞which在定語從句中作主語，代表the discovery, I think 為插入語。
題2 （NMET 2001）
As we joined the big crowd I got_______ from my friends.
A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed
分析：A。該題考查過去分詞作表語的用法和習(xí)慣搭配。該句是一個(gè)含有as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句，強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作相并發(fā)生。主句中g(shù)et和過去分詞連用構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能和got連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，但只有separated和from相搭配，got separated意思是“和……分離開”。
題3 She looks forward every spring to_________the flower-lined garden.
A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in
分析：D。look forward to sth./doing sth.因此首先排除掉A、C項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)paying a visit后必須加to再加賓語。
題4 She is _____________to leave as soon as possible.
A.hurried B.anxious C.worried D.nervous
分析：B。be anxious to do sth.“著急干……，渴望……”。該題意思是“她急于盡快離開”。
題5 （NMET 2000春）
I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life__________ so happy!
分析：D。表示否定意義的副詞，如never, seldom, hardly, little, neither, nor等位于句首，句子要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。
題6 （NMET 2001）
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________so rapidly.
A.is changing B.has changed
C.will have changed D.will change
分析：A。該題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。題干為一個(gè)含有原因狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句，主句陳述的情況是一客觀事實(shí)，原因狀語從句強(qiáng)調(diào)一直正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。